Electric heater.



J. G. ROYCE.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

nrmoumx mum my 14, 1009.

Patented June 7, 1910.

' JAMES CHARLES ROYCE -OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June '7,j 1910.

Application filed ma 14, 1909. Serial 495,923.

To all whom it may concern:

.Be it known that I, JAMES CHARLES Boron, a subject of the King of Great Britain,- and resident of the city of Toronto, county of York, Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in electric heaters, as described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings that form part of the same.

The invention consists essentially in the novel construction and arrangement of the windings of'the heating coils and the electrical connections thereto, whereby variations in temperature may be obtained and the maximum efiiciency secured.

The objects of the invention are, to econo: mine in the consumption of electric energy, to obtain a large heatdistributing area, to eliminate vibration of the coils and consequently any humming, and to devise an electric heatingelement of compact form which may be readily adapted to various shapes and uses and which may be manufactured at very low cost.

the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view at :a circular form of the heater. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the heater showing the electrical connections thereto arranged so that the coils may be connected to generate three difierent degrees of heat.

.Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a modified tonne-of arrangement of the coils.

is an enlarged view of .a segment of the Fig. 4

heater. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one formofthe device. to which the heater may bdap -lied.

"Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure. Referringflto the drawings, metal so ents preferably formed of soft iron an here shown as semi-circular in form, :though it must be understood that may be semi-elliptical or of any other desired shape.

3 and tare binding posts or terminals se- 1 and '2 are cured to :onforming part the segments 1 and :2 and extendmg outwardly therefrom.

--5 and 6 are heat generating coils in'vthe fonim'of ribbons oflsoit iron or other sortatrle'motal, the coil 15 considerably the :coil 6; The inner-ends ofthe coils 5 and 6 are inserted ben tween the opposing ends of the segments 1 and 2 and each insulated from the opposite segment by the insulating material 7. The

coils are wound ti htly around the segments 1 and .2 and insulated from each other by strips of mica or other suitable insulating material 8 inserted between the said coils. Each cell or winding contacts with the .outer edge of its respective segment for the major portion of the length of itssegment in order.

to. insure a perfectly electrical contact... The

successive windings of the generating coils. and the insulations are wound tightlyaround the ring formed by thesegments,

the inner ends being gripped securely between the opposing ends of saidsegments.

- :9 is a; band of heavy wire encircling the outer periphery of the coils having the eyes 10 formed at the ends thereof and turned.

outwardly. I

11 is a binding post having a\ threaded orifice therein and a suitable binding screw;

18 at its upper end.

. 14: is a screw lnserted through the eye shaped ends of the band 9 and the threaded orifice ofthe binding post 11.

15 is a lock nut turning on the threaded end of the screw 14 and securing the binding post and ,band'9 firmly in position.

The'onter ends of the coils 5 and 6 are electrically connected together and secured to the terminal .or binding post 11.

16 is .an electric switch here show-n in theform of a pivotal lever, said switch being electrically connected to the'wire 17 leadlng from a suitable electric current supply.

1-8 and 19 are electrical contacts ,electrl ally connected together by the wire'20 and to the terminal-4 of the lighter weight coil 6 by the wire 21, said'contacts being ar-' ranged in the :path of the switch 16 and adapted to form an electrical connection therewith.

' 22 is an electric contact piece .armng'ed' -be tween the contacts 18 and '19. and 'closeto the contact 19 so that the switch 16 may rest upon .both of said contacts at once and make an electrical connection therewith.

23 is a wire connected to the contactfili and leading to the terminal 3 of the heavier heating coil 5. J 24; is a wire leading from the terminal 11 to the electrical current-supply, heroin-indic'ated'as an electric generator. I in'the nse'oi device the swlfdlrifi'jg moved into electrical contact-with the contac-tpiece 18 thereby closing an electric circuit through the wire 21 and lighter coil 6 and as the said coil has the lesser electric capacity it produces the minimum heat given off by the heater.

The insulations between the coils 5 and 6 are sufficient to electrically separate them but a considerable amount of heat will pass through the insulations and the heavier metal of the coil 5 conducts the heat pro duced by the coil 6 to the surface of the heating device and therefore distributes the heat uniformly over the entire surface of the heater. ()n the movement of the switch 16 to make an electrical connection with the contact 22 the coil 6 is cut out and the current then flows through the wire 23 and coil 5 and as the said coil 5 has a greater electric capacity than the coil 6, considerably more .heat will be generated than when the curand 22. The current then flows through the wires 21 and 23 and the coils 5 and 6 and heats both coils simultaneously thus giving off the greatest possible a ount of heat. It

will therefore be seen hat three distinct graduations of heat can be produced with this device. The form of switch herein shown is merely diagrammatic and it must be understood that other forms may be used with equal facility.

In the modified form of the arrangement of coils shown in Fig. 3, the coils are wound one within the other, the inner coil being wound tightly on a central ring 25 and each of its successive windings suitably insulated. 26 is a split ring surrounding the inner coil, the outer. end of said coil being electrically connected thereto, said ring having a ter-,

minal 27 extending outwardly therefrom. 28 is the outer coil electrically connected at its inner end to the ring 26 and said coil is wound tightly around said ring binding it securely around the inner coil, each win ing of said outer coil being suitably insulated.

The whole is bound together by the outer ring 29 corresponding to the ring 9. In this arrangement of the coils the outer terminal of the inner and the inner terminal of the outer coils are electrically connected together through the ring 27 and the free ends of'said coils are suitably connected to the switch controlling mechanism in the same manner as the coils 5 and 6.

The device shown in Fig. 5 illustrates one means of application of my device. 'The heater coil and its connections are inclosed within a flat circular water tight casing 30 This form sad irons, or in fact to any form of heater,

the change merely involving differences in shape.

A very important feature in the present construction of heater is the binding of the coils by the outside wire 9. The screw adjustment allows the ends to be drawn very tightly and the I'ibbOns held securely so that vibration or movement between the successive windings is obviated, consequently avoiding fracture of the windings.

With the arrangement of coils shown in Fig. 3, a switch may be arranged to connect the coils singly, in parallel and in series, thus arranging so that the center coil may be heated alone or with the outer coil either in series or parallel.

What I claim as my invention is 1. In an electric heater a ring of suitable metal split-laterally and having a terminal secured to or forming part therewith, a heavier coil of suitable metal having one end inserted through the lateral split in said ring and clamped between the ends thereof and electrically contacting with the outer surface of said ring and having its successive windings insulated from each other, and a ring encircling said heater coil and binding the windings thereof and the insulations between said windings securely together.

2. In an electric heater, a heater coil formed of a strip of metal wound in volute form, and a band encircling said coil'and clamped thereto and electrically contacting with the outer winding of said coil.

3. In an electric heater, a plurality of strips of metal wound in volute coils one within the other and having their several windings insulated from each other, and a band encircling said composite coil and clamped thereto.

4-. In an electric heater, a plurality of strips of metal wound together in volute form, and stri s of insulating material wound between t e windings of said coils.

5. In an electric heater a pair of metal strips wound to ether in volute form and electrically insuIated from each other in their several windings, one of said coils being of much thicker metal-than the other,

and a band encircling said composite coil and clamped therearound.

6. In an electric heater, a heater coil formed of a strip of metal wound in volute form and having its several windings insulated from each other, a band encircling said coil and having eye-shaped ends bent outwardly, and a bolt extending through the eye-shaped ends of said band and clamping said band securely around said 0011.

7. In an electric heater, a plurality of strips of metal wound in coils one wlthin the other and having their several windin insulated from each other and electrica y connected together at one of their ends and having their other ends free, a terminal electrically connected to the united'ends of said coils, terminals electrically connected-to the free ends of said coils, and an electric switch electrically connected to said terminals and to an electric current suppl and directin thel flow of current various y through sai 001 s.

8. In an electric heater, a thin flat strip of metal wound in volute form, a layer of insulating material wound between the coils of said metal strip, and a metal band of greater cross sectional area than the said stri en-' of Toronto, county of ntario in the Dominion 

